Go Testing

External

• https://go.dev/doc/code#Testing

Internal

• Go Engineering
• go test command

Overview

Go comes with a lightweight test framework that includes the go test command and the testing package. The tests live in *_test.go files.

Write a Unit Test

Write a module as shown here:

Declaring a Module

For each file containing behavior to test (a.go)

package a

func Reverse(s string) string {
 rs := []rune(s)
 var result []rune
 for i := len(rs) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
  result = append(result, rs[i])
 }
 return string(result)
}

add a <file-name>_test.go test file. In this case a_test.go. These files are ignored by the compiler and only compiled and executed when go test is run. These files will be excluded from regular package builds.

The test files should be part of the same package. It is also possible to declare the test files into a corresponding package with the suffix _test.

The test files should import testing.

Add individual tests, as functions starting with TestX.., where X... does not start with a lowercase letter, and taking an argument t *testing.T. The function name serves to identify the test routine. Within these functions, use Error, Fail or related methods to signal failure.

func TestX...(t *testing.T) {
  ...
  t.Error("expected this: %q, got that: %q ", ...)
}

package a

import "testing"

func TestReverseEmptyString(t *testing.T) {
 expected := ""
 result := Reverse("")
 if result != expected {
  t.Errorf("expected %q, got %q", expected, result)
 }
}

func TestReverseOneCharString(t *testing.T) {
 expected := "a"
 result := Reverse("a")
 if result != expected {
  t.Errorf("expected %q, got %q", expected, result)
 }
}

func TestReverseTwoCharString(t *testing.T) {
 expected := "ba"
 result := Reverse("ab")
 if result != expected {
  t.Errorf("expected %q, got %q", expected, result)
 }
}

From the module directory, run the tests:

go test

PASS
ok  	example.com/a	0.116s

TO DO

• Integrate see external test packages.
• Testing idiom "Introducing Go" page 96.