Gradle.properties

Internal

• Gradle Properties - Runtime and Project Configuration

Overview

'gradle.properties' files are used to define configuration properties. gradle.properties files can be present in two layers: the user home directory .gradle directory and the project root. Property keys must comply with the rules described here: Property Keys.

Hierarchy

Gradle User Home gradle.properties

This file is stored in Gradle user home directory ~/.gradle/gradle.properties, conventionally referred to as GRADLE_USER_HOME. Any property declared in this file will be available to all user's Gradle projects.

Project Root gradle.properties

Conventionally, this is where the version of the project is stored:

version=1.0-SNAPSHOT

This file is important because it can be stored in source control, so the entire team working on the project can share the same configuration.

Multi-Project Builds

Each project of a multi-project build can maintain a gradle.properties file in its root.

Precedence Rules

If files from both layers are present, their content is merged and the configuration that comes from the user home directory takes precedence over the configuration that comes from the project root directory. This makes sense from a security perspective, as the user home directory is not checked in into a repository while the project is, and we need to store security sensitive configuration. When the same property is declared in both root project and a sub-project's gradle.properties files, the value coming from the sub-project takes precedence over the root project value.

Projection

The properties configured in gradle.properties files are flattened according the precedence rules described above and projected into the Project instance where they can be accessed as project properties, similarly to extra properties.

gradle.properties:

my.color=blue

build.properties:

println project.my.color

If gradle.properties declares:

shape = 'square'

the configured value can be accessed from the project (build.gradle) simply using the property name:

task display {
  doLast {
    // equivalent property references
    println project.shape 
    println shape
  }
}

Failed Projection and Alternatives

Under some yet not clear circumstances, a multi-token property declared in gradle.properties cannot be retrieved by its name as described above.

println rootProject.a.b.c

produces:

A problem occurred evaluating project ':some-project'.
> Could not get unknown property 'a' for root project 'some-root-project' of type org.gradle.api.Project.

This alternative works:

println rootProject.getProperties().get("a.b.c")