Two's Complement Representation

External

• https://www.cs.cornell.edu/~tomf/notes/cps104/twoscomp.html

Internal

• Numeric Values Representation in Java

Overview

Two's complement is an integer representation scheme used by most computers to represent signed integral values such as byte, int or long.

Positive numbers

Negative numbers

The primary motivation between this scheme is that a computer can use the same circuitry to perform both addition and subtraction, whereas otherwise they would have to be treated as separate operations.