Internal

Concepts

mean
standard deviation
linear regression
correlation
Bayes Rule
Scatter Plot
Linearity (linear exact or not exact)
Positive and negative linear relationship.
Outlier
Deviation
Noise - deviation from a linear graph.
Monotonicity.
Bar Charts. Applies to 2D data.
Global trends.
Historgram. A bar chart where the vertical axis is a frequency count, as a function of the range. Applies to 1D data.
Frequency Count
Pie charts - represent relative outcomes.
Unrelated data
Simpson's paradox
Be skeptical and really understand how to turn raw data into conclusions.
Probability - the opposite of statistics.
P() notation
Truth table
Probability of a composite event (independence)
Dependence
Conditional probability
Conditional probability notation - important for Bayes Rule
Total probability
Bayes Rule
- [1]
- Prior probability
- Unreliable measurement (Sensitivity/Specificity)
- Joint probabilty
- Posterior probabilty
Probability Distribution
Continous Probability Distribution.
Density of probability
Correlation vs. Causation
Variables
Definition of correlation (Is correlation injectivity?)
Confounding variable.
Estimators
Laplacian estimator
Empirical (observational) frequency
Maximum likelihood estimator