Go Interfaces

Internal

• The Type System

Overview

An interface is a type declaration that defines a method set.

A method set is a list of methods a type must have in order to implement the interface. A type (struct, anything else?) implements an interface implicitly, doing nothing else but exposing all methods from the interface's method set. "Exposing" in this context means the methods in question was declared to use the type as receiver. This is called duck typing. There is no "implements" or "extends" keyword in Go.

Interface type instances can be used as arguments to functions, an interface instance can be passed as argument to a function after declaring it as such in the function signature. Passing an interface insures that the function body can rely on the fact the interface methods are available on the given instance.

When passing an interface to a function, you should always pass a pointer to the instance implementing the interface, not the value of the instance implementing the interface.

• Can only structs be interfaces, or there are other things that can be interfaces?

Declaration

The interface declaration is introduced by the type keyword, to indicated that this is a user-defined type, followed by the interface name and the keyword interface. Unlike in the struct's case, we don't define fields but a method set.

type MyInterface interface {
     functionName1() return_type
     functionName2() return_type
     ...
}