The Optimal Caching Problem
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Overview
The optimal caching problem can be solved with a greedy algorithm. A cache is a small fast memory.
The Problem
The problem consists in processing a sequence of "page requests". When a page that does not exist in cache is requested, the page must be brought from the big slow memory into the fast memory, and that constitutes a cache miss, or a "fault". As long as there is sufficient space left in cache, a fault triggers a simple page load. When the cache fills up, a fault causes an existing page to be evicted. The question is what page should be evicted from the cache to minimize the number of fault on the long term.