SQL Data Types
External
Internal
Overview
TODO
- Database-specific data types
- Working with different data types
- Conversion functions
Numeric Data Types
BIT
0,1
TINYINT
0..255
SMALLINT
-32,768..32,767
INT
-2,147,483,648..2,147,483,647
BIGINT
-9,223,372,036,854,775,808..9,223,372,036,854,775,807
DECIMAL, NUMERIC
-10^38 + 1 .. 10^38 - 1
FLOAT
-1.79E+308 .. 1.79E+308
REAL
-3.40E+38 .. 3.40E+38
Date and Time Data Types
DATE
Stores date in the format YYYY-MM-DD. If the value is not provided in the expected format, the INSERT or UPDATE statement will return an error:
ERROR: invalid input syntax for type date: "somedate" LINE 1: UPDATE person SET birthday = 'somedate' WHERE id = 2;
TIME
Stores time in the format HH:MI:SS.
DATETIME
Stores date and time information in the format YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS.
TIMESTAMP
Stores number of seconds passed since the Unix epoch ('1970-01-01 00:00:00' UTC).
YEAR
Stores year in a 2-digit or 4-digit format. Range 1901 to 2155 in 4-digit format. Range 70 to 69, representing 1970 to 2069.
Character and String Data Types
These data types are for character streams, they should not be used with Unicode data.
CHAR
Fixed length with a maximum length of 8,000 characters.
VARCHAR
Variable-length storage with a maximum length of 8,000 characters.
VARCHAR(max)
Variable-length storage with provided max characters.
TEXT
Variable-length storage with a maximum size of 2GB data.
Unicode Character and String Data Types
These data types are not supported in MySQL databases.
NCHAR
Fixed length with a maximum length of 4,000 characters.
NVARCHAR
Variable-length storage with a maximum length of 4,000 characters.
NVARCHAR(max)
Variable-length storage with provided max characters.
NTEXT
Variable-length storage with a maximum size of 1GB data.
Binary Data Types
BINARY
Fixed length with a maximum length of 8,000 bytes.
VARBINARY
Variable-length storage with a maximum length of 8,000 bytes.
VARBINARY(max)
Variable-length storage with provided max bytes.
IMAGE
Variable-length storage with a maximum size of 2 GB binary data.
Miscellaneous Data Types
CLOB
Character large objects that can hold up to 2 GB.
BLOB
Large binary objects.
XML
XML data.
JSON
JSON data.