Linux Security Concepts

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Internal

Privileged Mode

A process that runs in privileged mode has full access to the kernel. A container that runs in privileged mode has full access to the container runtime host's kernel. Newer kernels allow assigning finer-grained privileges instead of giving the process all possible permissions by running it in privileged mode. Finer-grained privileges are called Linux capabilities.

Privileged Process

Traditional UNIX implementations distinguish two categories of processes for the purpose of performing permission checks: privileged processes and unprivileged processes. A privileged process is a process with its effective user ID is 0, referred to as superuser or root. Privileged processes bypass all kernel permission checks.

Privileged Container

Docker Security | Privileged Container

Unprivileged Process

An unprivileged process is a process with a non-zero its effective user ID. Unprivileged processes are subject to full permission checking based on the process' credentials: effective UID, effective GID and supplementary group list.

Unprivileged Container

Discretionary Access Control

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/users_and_groups

Effective User ID

Effective Group ID

Supplementary Group List

Linux Capabilities

Linux Capabilities