Selenium Concepts
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Selenium Architecture
Selenium has a client-server architecture, and includes both client and server components.
Client
The Selenium client exposes the WebDriver API, which can be used to interact with the page. The client extends RemoteWebDriver, which communicates with the remote Selenium server. There are browser-specific constructors for the WebDriver (ChromeDriver, FirefoxDriver).
There is still confusion on whether the client loads and uses a local driver or connects remotely to a server.
Server
The Selenium server receives request from the Selenium client's RemoteWebDriver.
It also includes WebDriver API to run tests against web browsers on the server machine.
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("http://example.com");