Red-black Tree
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External
- https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithms-graphs-data-structures/lecture/8acpe/red-black-trees
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=scfDOof9pww
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%E2%80%93black_tree
Internal
Overview
Red-black trees had been invented by Bayer (1972) and Guibas, Sedgewick (1978). They are a type of binary search tree that self-balances on insertion and deletion, thus maintaining its height to a minimum, which leads to efficient operations. Almost all binary search tree operations have a running time bounded by the tree height, and in this case the tree height stays constant at log n, yielding O(log n) operations.
Red-Black Tree Invariants
- Each node carries "color" information ("red" or "black")