Jenkins Pipeline Syntax

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External

Internal

Scripted Pipeline

 node('some-worker-label') {
 
     echo 'Pipeline logic starts'
 
     stage('Build') {
        // ...
     }
     stage('Test') {
        // ...
     }
     stage('Deploy') {
        // ...
     }

Parallel Stages

stage("tests") {

    parallel(

        "unit tests": {

             // run unit tests 
         },
         "coverage tests": {

             // run coverage tests
         }
     )
}

Declarative Pipeline

 pipeline { 
     agent any 
     options {
         skipStagesAfterUnstable()
     }
     stages {
         stage('Build') { 
             steps { 
                 sh 'make' 
             }
         }
         stage('Test'){
             steps {
                 sh 'make check'
                 junit 'reports/**/*.xml' 
             }
         }
         stage('Deploy') {
             steps {
                 sh 'make publish'
             }
         }
     }
 }

Environment Variables

BUILD_TAG

It is an environment variable that contains job name, branch name, build number.

JOB_NAME

JOB_BASE_NAME

Pipeline Steps

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/

node

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-durable-task-step/#-node-allocate-node

Allocates an executor or a node, typically a worker, and run the enclosed code in the context of the workspace of that worker. Node may take a label name, computer name or an expression.

The labels are declared on workers when they are defined in the master configuration, in their respective "clouds".

sh

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-durable-task-step/#-sh-shell-script

Shell Script.

ws

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-durable-task-step/#-ws-allocate-workspace

Allocate workspace.

build

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/pipeline-build-step/

This is how a main pipeline launches in execution a subordinate pipeline.

This is how we may be able to return the result: https://support.cloudbees.com/hc/en-us/articles/218554077-How-to-set-current-build-result-in-Pipeline

Basic Steps

These basic steps are used invoking on stage.. In a Jenkinsfile, and inside a stage, invoke on this. or simply invoking directly, without qualifying.

dir

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-basic-steps/#-dir-change-current-directory

Change current directory.

echo

error

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-basic-steps/#error-error-signal

readFile

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-basic-steps/#readfile-read-file-from-workspace

Read a file from the workspace.

def versionFile = readFile("${stage.WORKSPACE}/terraform/my-module/VERSION")

stash

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-basic-steps/#stash-stash-some-files-to-be-used-later-in-the-build

input

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/pipeline-input-step/

In its basic form, renders a "Proceed"/"Abort" input box with a custom message. Selecting "Proceed" passes the control to the next step in the pipeline. Selecting "Abort" throws a org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.steps.FlowInterruptedException, which produces "gray" pipelines.

input(
    id: 'Proceed1',
    message: 'If the manual test is successful, select \'Proceed\'. Otherwise, you can abort the pipeline.'
)

timeout

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-basic-steps/#-timeout-enforce-time-limit

Upon timeout, an org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.steps.FlowInterruptedException is thrown from the closure that is being executed, and not from the timeout() invocation. The code shown below prints "A", "B", "D":

timeout(time: 5, unit: 'SECONDS') {

     echo "A"

     try {

           echo "B"

           doSometing(); // this step takes a very long time and will time out

           echo "C"
     }
     catch(org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.steps.FlowInterruptedException e) {

            // if this exception propagates up without being caught, the pipeline gets aborted

           echo "D"
     }
}

Core

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/core/

archiveArtifacts

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/core/#-archiveartifacts-archive-the-artifacts

fingerprint

Obtaining the Current Pipeline Build Number

def buildNumber = currentBuild.rawBuild.getNumber()

FlowInterruptedException

throw new FlowInterruptedException(Result.ABORTED)

Navigating the Project Model Hierarchy

String branch="..."
String projectName = JOB_NAME.substring(0, JOB_NAME.size() - JOB_BASE_NAME.size() - 1)
WorkflowMultiBranchProject project = Jenkins.instance.getItemByFullName("${projectName}")
if (project == null) {
  ...
}
WorkflowJob job = project.getBranch(branch)
if (job == null) {
  ...
}
WorkflowRun run = job.getLastSuccessfulBuild()
if (run == null) {
  ...
}
List<Run.Artifact> artifacts = run.getArtifacts()
...