Jenkins Pipeline Syntax

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External

Internal

Scripted Pipeline

 node('some-worker-label') {
 
     echo 'Pipeline logic starts'
 
     stage('Build') {
        // ...
     }
     stage('Test') {
        // ...
     }
     stage('Deploy') {
        // ...
     }

Parallel Stages

stage("tests") {

    parallel(

        "unit tests": {

             // run unit tests 
         },
         "coverage tests": {

             // run coverage tests
         }
     )
}

Declarative Pipeline

 pipeline { 
     agent any 
     options {
         skipStagesAfterUnstable()
     }
     stages {
         stage('Build') { 
             steps { 
                 sh 'make' 
             }
         }
         stage('Test'){
             steps {
                 sh 'make check'
                 junit 'reports/**/*.xml' 
             }
         }
         stage('Deploy') {
             steps {
                 sh 'make publish'
             }
         }
     }
 }

Declarative Pipeline Directives

environment

https://jenkins.io/doc/book/pipeline/syntax/#environment

See:

Jenkins Pipeline Environment Variables

parameters

https://jenkins.io/doc/book/pipeline/syntax/#parameters

See:

Jenkins Pipeline Environment Variables

Environment Variables

Jenkins Pipeline Environment Variables

Parameters

Jenkins Pipeline Parameters

Pipeline Steps

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/

node

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-durable-task-step/#-node-allocate-node

Allocates an executor or a node, typically a worker, and run the enclosed code in the context of the workspace of that worker. Node may take a label name, computer name or an expression.

The labels are declared on workers when they are defined in the master configuration, in their respective "clouds".

sh

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-durable-task-step/#-sh-shell-script

Shell Script.

The metacharacter $ must be escaped: \${LOGDIR}, unless it refers to a variable form the Groovy context.

Example:

  stage.sh """
    LOGDIR=${fileName}-logs
    mkdir -p \${LOGDIR}/something
  """.stripIndent()

ws

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-durable-task-step/#-ws-allocate-workspace

Allocate workspace.

build

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/pipeline-build-step/

This is how a main pipeline launches in execution a subordinate pipeline.

This is how we may be able to return the result: https://support.cloudbees.com/hc/en-us/articles/218554077-How-to-set-current-build-result-in-Pipeline

junit

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/junit/#-junit-archive-junit-formatted-test-results

Jenkins understands the JUnit test report XML format (which is also used by TestNG). To use this feature, set up the build to run tests, which will generate their test reports into a local agent directory, then specify the path to the test reports in Ant glob syntax to the JUnit plugin pipeline step junit

stage.junit **/target/*-report/TEST-*.xml

Jenkins uses this step to ingest the test results, process them and provide historical test result trends, a web UI for viewing test reports, tracking failures, etc.

Basic Steps

These basic steps are used invoking on stage.. In a Jenkinsfile, and inside a stage, invoke on this. or simply invoking directly, without qualifying.

dir

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-basic-steps/#-dir-change-current-directory

Change current directory.

echo

error

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-basic-steps/#error-error-signal

readFile

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-basic-steps/#readfile-read-file-from-workspace

Read a file from the workspace.

def versionFile = readFile("${stage.WORKSPACE}/terraform/my-module/VERSION")

stash

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-basic-steps/#stash-stash-some-files-to-be-used-later-in-the-build

input

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/pipeline-input-step/

In its basic form, renders a "Proceed"/"Abort" input box with a custom message. Selecting "Proceed" passes the control to the next step in the pipeline. Selecting "Abort" throws a org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.steps.FlowInterruptedException, which produces "gray" pipelines.

input(
    id: 'Proceed1',
    message: 'If the manual test is successful, select \'Proceed\'. Otherwise, you can abort the pipeline.'
)

timeout

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-basic-steps/#-timeout-enforce-time-limit

Upon timeout, an org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.steps.FlowInterruptedException is thrown from the closure that is being executed, and not from the timeout() invocation. The code shown below prints "A", "B", "D":

timeout(time: 5, unit: 'SECONDS') {

     echo "A"

     try {

           echo "B"

           doSometing(); // this step takes a very long time and will time out

           echo "C"
     }
     catch(org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.steps.FlowInterruptedException e) {

            // if this exception propagates up without being caught, the pipeline gets aborted

           echo "D"
     }
}

writeFile

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-basic-steps/#writefile-write-file-to-workspace

withEnv

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-basic-steps/#withenv-set-environment-variables

Core

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/core/

archiveArtifacts

https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/core/#-archiveartifacts-archive-the-artifacts

Archives the build artifacts (for example, distribution zip files or jar files) so that they can be downloaded later. Archived files will be accessible from the Jenkins webpage. Normally, Jenkins keeps artifacts for a build as long as a build log itself is kept. Note that the Maven job type automatically archives any produced Maven artifacts. Any artifacts configured here will be archived on top of that. Automatic artifact archiving can be disabled under the advanced Maven options.

fingerprint

Obtaining the Current Pipeline Build Number

def buildNumber = currentBuild.rawBuild.getNumber()

FlowInterruptedException

throw new FlowInterruptedException(Result.ABORTED)

Navigating the Project Model Hierarchy

String branch="..."
String projectName = JOB_NAME.substring(0, JOB_NAME.size() - JOB_BASE_NAME.size() - 1)
WorkflowMultiBranchProject project = Jenkins.instance.getItemByFullName("${projectName}")
if (project == null) {
  ...
}
WorkflowJob job = project.getBranch(branch)
if (job == null) {
  ...
}
WorkflowRun run = job.getLastSuccessfulBuild()
if (run == null) {
  ...
}
List<Run.Artifact> artifacts = run.getArtifacts()
...

Passing an Environment Variable from Downstream Build to Upstream Build

Upstream build:

...
def result = build(job: jobName,  parameters: params, quietPeriod: 0, propagate: true, wait: true);
result.getBuildVariables()["SOME_VAR"]
...

Downstream build:

env.SOME_VAR = "something"

@NonCPS

https://www.devopscat.tech/2018/10/what-is-noncps-in-jenkins-pipeline/