OAuth 2.0 Concepts
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Internal
Identity.
User's presence at the system - means that the user identity is associated with the thread that is processing the user's request, and in a way, it is the user that "drives" the thread. The identity is associated with the thread in the form of a security context.
There are software agents that perform actions on behalf of the user, and this is where OAuth is relevant - a user can delegate the authority of performing certain actions in a secure way. Even the software agent (the OAuth client) operates under a different identity, it can still perform action on behalf of a user that may not be even logged in anymore. An example of such identity is an OpenShift service account.
Authentication.
Authorization.